# Unified ASL + TGK + PEL System Specification (Master Reference)

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NOTE: Integrated into `tier1/asl-system-1.md`. This note is retained for
historical context and may drift.

## 1. Introduction

This document specifies a unified system for deterministic, federated, snapshot-safe storage and execution of artifacts, execution receipts (PERs), and TGK edges. The system integrates:

* **ASL (Artifact Storage Layer)**
* **TGK (Trace Graph Kernel)**
* **PEL (Program Execution Layer)**
* **Indexing, Shard/SIMD acceleration**
* **Federation and deterministic replay**

The system supports **billions of artifacts and edges**, deterministic DAG execution, and cross-node provenance.

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## 2. Core Concepts

| Concept      | Description                                                                                                   |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Artifact     | Basic unit stored in ASL; may include optional `type_tag` and `has_type_tag`.                                 |
| PER          | PEL Execution Receipt; artifact describing deterministic output of a PEL program.                             |
| TGK Edge     | Represents a directed relation between artifacts/PERs. Stores `from_nodes`, `to_nodes`, `edge_type`, `roles`. |
| Snapshot     | ZFS snapshot, defines read visibility and deterministic execution boundary.                                   |
| Logseq       | Monotonic sequence number for deterministic ordering.                                                         |
| Shard        | Subset of artifacts/edges partitioned for SIMD/parallel execution.                                            |
| Canonical ID | Unique identifier per artifact, PER, or TGK edge.                                                             |

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## 3. ASL-CORE & ASL-STORE-INDEX

### 3.1 ASL-CORE

* Defines **artifact semantics**:

  * Optional `type_tag` (32-bit) with `has_type_tag` (8-bit toggle)
  * Artifacts are immutable once written
  * PERs are treated as artifacts

### 3.2 ASL-STORE-INDEX

* Manages **artifact blocks**, including:

  * Small vs. large blocks (packaging)
  * Block sealing, retention, snapshot safety
* Index structure:

  * **Shard-local**, supports **billion-scale lookups**
  * Bloom filters for quick membership queries
  * Sharding and SIMD acceleration for memory-efficient lookups
* Record Layout (C struct):

```c
typedef struct {
    uint64_t artifact_key;
    uint64_t block_id;
    uint32_t offset;
    uint32_t length;
    uint32_t type_tag;
    uint8_t  has_type_tag;
} artifact_index_entry_t;
```

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## 4. ENC-ASL-TGK-INDEX

* Defines **encoding for artifacts, PERs, and TGK edges** in storage.
* TGK edges stored as:

```c
typedef struct {
    uint64_t canonical_edge_id;
    uint64_t from_nodes[MAX_FROM];
    uint64_t to_nodes[MAX_TO];
    uint32_t edge_type;
    uint8_t roles;
    uint64_t logseq;
} tgk_edge_record_t;
```

* Supports deterministic traversal, snapshot bounds, and SIMD filtering.

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## 5. PEL Integration

### 5.1 PEL Program DAG

* Deterministic DAG with:

  * Inputs: artifacts or PERs
  * Computation nodes: concat, slice, primitive ops
  * Outputs: artifacts or PERs
* Guarantees snapshot-bound determinism:

  * Inputs: `logseq ≤ snapshot_max`
  * Outputs: `logseq = max(input_logseq) + 1`

### 5.2 Execution Plan Mapping

| PEL Node       | Execution Plan Operator      |
| -------------- | ---------------------------- |
| Input Artifact | SegmentScan                  |
| Concat/Slice   | Projection                   |
| TGK Projection | TGKTraversal                 |
| Aggregate      | Aggregation                  |
| PER Output     | SegmentScan (fed downstream) |

---

## 6. Execution Plan Operators

* **SegmentScan**: scan artifacts/PERs within snapshot
* **IndexFilter**: SIMD-accelerated filtering by type_tag, edge_type, role
* **Merge**: deterministic merge across shards
* **TGKTraversal**: depth-limited deterministic DAG traversal
* **Projection**: select fields
* **Aggregation**: count, sum, union
* **TombstoneShadow**: applies tombstones and ensures snapshot safety

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## 7. Shard & SIMD Execution

* Artifacts/edges partitioned by shard
* SIMD applied per shard for filters and traversal
* Deterministic merge across shards ensures global ordering
* Buffers structured for memory alignment:

```c
struct shard_buffer {
    uint64_t *artifact_ids;
    uint64_t *tgk_edge_ids;
    uint32_t  *type_tags;
    uint8_t   *roles;
    uint64_t   count;
    snapshot_range_t snapshot;
};
```

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## 8. Federation & Cross-Node Deterministic Replay

* **Propagation rules**:

  * Only new artifacts/PERs/edges (`logseq > last_applied`) transmitted
  * Delta replication per snapshot
* **Replay rules**:

  * Sort by `(logseq, canonical_id)` for deterministic application
  * Apply tombstones/shadowing
  * Preserve snapshot boundaries
* **Conflict resolution**:

  * ArtifactKey collisions: duplicate hash → ignore, differing hash → flag
  * Edge conflicts: latest logseq ≤ snapshot
  * PER conflicts: identical inputs → skip execution

---

## 9. Provenance & Audit

* **Provenance table**: snapshot → artifacts/PERs applied
* **Federation log table**: peer node → last applied logseq
* **Deterministic replay** guarantees identical final outputs across nodes

---

## 10. Data Flow Summary

```
PEL DAG Inputs --> Execute PEL Program --> Generate PERs
            |                                 |
            v                                 v
   ASL/TGK Shard Buffers (SIMD-aligned, snapshot-safe)
            |
            v
  Execution Plan Operators (SegmentScan, IndexFilter, Merge, TGKTraversal, TombstoneShadow)
            |
            v
          Final Output (artifacts + PERs + TGK projections)
            |
            v
   Federation Layer (propagation & deterministic replay across nodes)
```

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## 11. Snapshot & Log Integration

* All operations are **snapshot-bounded**.
* **ZFS snapshots** + append-only sequential logs provide:

  * Checkpointing
  * Deterministic replay
  * Garbage collection of unreachable artifacts while preserving provenance

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## 12. Summary

This unified system specification ensures:

* **Deterministic execution** (PEL + index + TGK)
* **Snapshot-safe operations**
* **Shard/SIMD acceleration**
* **Federated, replayable, cross-node consistency**
* **Integration of PER artifacts with TGK edges**
* **Provenance and auditability at scale**