diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 30b71ab..94b3162 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -251,6 +251,16 @@ target_link_libraries(amduat_test_tgk_store_mem
 )
 add_test(NAME tgk_store_mem COMMAND amduat_test_tgk_store_mem)
 
+add_executable(amduat_test_tgk_store_fs tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_fs.c)
+target_include_directories(amduat_test_tgk_store_fs
+  PRIVATE ${AMDUAT_INTERNAL_DIR}
+  PRIVATE ${AMDUAT_INCLUDE_DIR}
+)
+target_link_libraries(amduat_test_tgk_store_fs
+  PRIVATE amduat_tgk_store_fs
+)
+add_test(NAME tgk_store_fs COMMAND amduat_test_tgk_store_fs)
+
 add_executable(amduat_test_tgk_prov tests/tgk/test_tgk_prov.c)
 target_include_directories(amduat_test_tgk_prov
   PRIVATE ${AMDUAT_INTERNAL_DIR}
diff --git a/include/amduat/tgk/tgk_store_fs.h b/include/amduat/tgk/tgk_store_fs.h
index 387b020..9a0596b 100644
--- a/include/amduat/tgk/tgk_store_fs.h
+++ b/include/amduat/tgk/tgk_store_fs.h
@@ -3,4 +3,50 @@
 
 /* Filesystem-backed TGK store adapter public API. */
 
+#include "amduat/asl/asl_store_fs.h"
+#include "amduat/asl/store.h"
+#include "amduat/format/ref.h"
+#include "amduat/tgk/store.h"
+#include "amduat/tgk/tgk_store_mem.h"
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* Manifest contract:
+ * - AMDUAT_FORMAT_REF_HEX: ASCII hex tokens of ASL1 ReferenceBytes,
+ *   separated by whitespace.
+ * - AMDUAT_FORMAT_REF_BYTES: raw concatenation of ASL1 ReferenceBytes
+ *   (hash_id big-endian + digest). */
+typedef struct {
+  amduat_tgk_store_mem_t mem;
+  amduat_tgk_store_mem_artifact_t *artifacts;
+  size_t artifacts_len;
+} amduat_tgk_store_fs_t;
+
+bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_init(amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs,
+                              amduat_tgk_store_config_t config,
+                              const char *manifest_path,
+                              amduat_format_ref_format_t manifest_format,
+                              amduat_asl_store_t *asl_store);
+
+bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_init_with_asl_fs(
+    amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs,
+    amduat_tgk_store_config_t config,
+    const char *manifest_path,
+    amduat_format_ref_format_t manifest_format,
+    amduat_asl_store_config_t asl_config,
+    const char *asl_root_path);
+
+void amduat_tgk_store_fs_free(amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs);
+
+amduat_tgk_store_ops_t amduat_tgk_store_fs_ops(void);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
 #endif /* AMDUAT_TGK_TGK_STORE_FS_H */
diff --git a/src/adapters/tgk_store_fs/tgk_store_fs.c b/src/adapters/tgk_store_fs/tgk_store_fs.c
index a38803e..8be7897 100644
--- a/src/adapters/tgk_store_fs/tgk_store_fs.c
+++ b/src/adapters/tgk_store_fs/tgk_store_fs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,268 @@
 #include "amduat/tgk/tgk_store_fs.h"
 
-/* TODO: implement filesystem-backed TGK store adapter. */
+#include "amduat/asl/io.h"
+#include "amduat/asl/ref_io.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+static void amduat_tgk_store_fs_reference_free(amduat_reference_t *ref) {
+  if (ref == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+  free((void *)ref->digest.data);
+  ref->digest.data = NULL;
+  ref->digest.len = 0;
+}
+
+static void amduat_tgk_store_fs_artifact_bytes_free(
+    amduat_tgk_store_mem_artifact_t *artifact) {
+  if (artifact == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+  free((void *)artifact->artifact.bytes.data);
+  artifact->artifact.bytes.data = NULL;
+  artifact->artifact.bytes.len = 0;
+  artifact->artifact.has_type_tag = false;
+  artifact->artifact.type_tag.tag_id = 0;
+}
+
+static void amduat_tgk_store_fs_artifact_full_free(
+    amduat_tgk_store_mem_artifact_t *artifact) {
+  if (artifact == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_artifact_bytes_free(artifact);
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_reference_free(&artifact->ref);
+}
+
+static bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_load_manifest(
+    const char *manifest_path,
+    amduat_format_ref_format_t manifest_format,
+    amduat_reference_t **out_refs,
+    size_t *out_len) {
+  uint8_t *bytes = NULL;
+  size_t len = 0;
+  bool ok;
+
+  if (out_refs == NULL || out_len == NULL || manifest_path == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  *out_refs = NULL;
+  *out_len = 0;
+
+  if (!amduat_asl_read_path(manifest_path, &bytes, &len)) {
+    free(bytes);
+    return false;
+  }
+  ok = amduat_asl_ref_list_parse(amduat_octets(bytes, len), manifest_format,
+                                 out_refs, out_len);
+  free(bytes);
+  return ok;
+}
+
+static bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_get_config(void *ctx,
+                                           amduat_tgk_store_config_t *out_config) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs = (amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *)ctx;
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t mem_ops = amduat_tgk_store_mem_ops();
+
+  if (fs == NULL || mem_ops.get_config == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return mem_ops.get_config(&fs->mem, out_config);
+}
+
+static amduat_tgk_graph_error_t amduat_tgk_store_fs_resolve_edge(
+    void *ctx,
+    amduat_reference_t ref,
+    amduat_tgk_edge_body_t *out_body) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs = (amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *)ctx;
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t mem_ops = amduat_tgk_store_mem_ops();
+
+  if (fs == NULL || mem_ops.resolve_edge == NULL) {
+    return GS_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
+  }
+  return mem_ops.resolve_edge(&fs->mem, ref, out_body);
+}
+
+static bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_edges_from(
+    void *ctx,
+    amduat_reference_t node,
+    amduat_tgk_edge_type_filter_t type_filter,
+    amduat_tgk_graph_edge_view_list_t *out_edges) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs = (amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *)ctx;
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t mem_ops = amduat_tgk_store_mem_ops();
+
+  if (fs == NULL || mem_ops.edges_from == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return mem_ops.edges_from(&fs->mem, node, type_filter, out_edges);
+}
+
+static bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_edges_to(
+    void *ctx,
+    amduat_reference_t node,
+    amduat_tgk_edge_type_filter_t type_filter,
+    amduat_tgk_graph_edge_view_list_t *out_edges) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs = (amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *)ctx;
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t mem_ops = amduat_tgk_store_mem_ops();
+
+  if (fs == NULL || mem_ops.edges_to == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return mem_ops.edges_to(&fs->mem, node, type_filter, out_edges);
+}
+
+static bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_edges_incident(
+    void *ctx,
+    amduat_reference_t node,
+    amduat_tgk_edge_type_filter_t type_filter,
+    amduat_tgk_graph_edge_view_list_t *out_edges) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs = (amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *)ctx;
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t mem_ops = amduat_tgk_store_mem_ops();
+
+  if (fs == NULL || mem_ops.edges_incident == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return mem_ops.edges_incident(&fs->mem, node, type_filter, out_edges);
+}
+
+static bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_scan_edges(
+    void *ctx,
+    amduat_tgk_edge_type_filter_t type_filter,
+    amduat_octets_t page_token,
+    bool has_page_token,
+    amduat_tgk_graph_scan_result_t *out_scan) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs = (amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *)ctx;
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t mem_ops = amduat_tgk_store_mem_ops();
+
+  if (fs == NULL || mem_ops.scan_edges == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return mem_ops.scan_edges(&fs->mem, type_filter, page_token, has_page_token,
+                            out_scan);
+}
+
+static bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_neighbors(
+    void *ctx,
+    amduat_reference_t node,
+    amduat_tgk_edge_type_filter_t type_filter,
+    amduat_tgk_graph_direction_t direction,
+    amduat_tgk_node_list_t *out_nodes) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs = (amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *)ctx;
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t mem_ops = amduat_tgk_store_mem_ops();
+
+  if (fs == NULL || mem_ops.neighbors == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return mem_ops.neighbors(&fs->mem, node, type_filter, direction, out_nodes);
+}
+
+bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_init(amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs,
+                              amduat_tgk_store_config_t config,
+                              const char *manifest_path,
+                              amduat_format_ref_format_t manifest_format,
+                              amduat_asl_store_t *asl_store) {
+  amduat_reference_t *refs = NULL;
+  size_t refs_len = 0;
+  amduat_tgk_store_mem_artifact_t *artifacts = NULL;
+  size_t i;
+
+  if (fs == NULL || manifest_path == NULL || asl_store == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  memset(fs, 0, sizeof(*fs));
+
+  if (!amduat_tgk_store_fs_load_manifest(manifest_path,
+                                         manifest_format,
+                                         &refs,
+                                         &refs_len)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (refs_len != 0u) {
+    artifacts = (amduat_tgk_store_mem_artifact_t *)calloc(
+        refs_len, sizeof(*artifacts));
+    if (artifacts == NULL) {
+      amduat_asl_ref_list_free(refs, refs_len);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < refs_len; ++i) {
+    amduat_asl_store_error_t err;
+    artifacts[i].ref = refs[i];
+    artifacts[i].artifact = amduat_artifact(amduat_octets(NULL, 0));
+    err = amduat_asl_store_get(asl_store, refs[i], &artifacts[i].artifact);
+    if (err != AMDUAT_ASL_STORE_OK) {
+      size_t j;
+      for (j = 0; j < i; ++j) {
+        amduat_tgk_store_fs_artifact_bytes_free(&artifacts[j]);
+      }
+      amduat_asl_ref_list_free(refs, refs_len);
+      free(artifacts);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  free(refs);
+  fs->artifacts = artifacts;
+  fs->artifacts_len = refs_len;
+
+  if (!amduat_tgk_store_mem_init(&fs->mem, config, fs->artifacts,
+                                 fs->artifacts_len)) {
+    amduat_tgk_store_fs_free(fs);
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool amduat_tgk_store_fs_init_with_asl_fs(
+    amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs,
+    amduat_tgk_store_config_t config,
+    const char *manifest_path,
+    amduat_format_ref_format_t manifest_format,
+    amduat_asl_store_config_t asl_config,
+    const char *asl_root_path) {
+  amduat_asl_store_fs_t asl_fs;
+  amduat_asl_store_t store;
+
+  if (fs == NULL || manifest_path == NULL || asl_root_path == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!amduat_asl_store_fs_init(&asl_fs, asl_config, asl_root_path)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  amduat_asl_store_init(&store, asl_config, amduat_asl_store_fs_ops(), &asl_fs);
+  return amduat_tgk_store_fs_init(fs, config, manifest_path, manifest_format,
+                                  &store);
+}
+
+void amduat_tgk_store_fs_free(amduat_tgk_store_fs_t *fs) {
+  size_t i;
+
+  if (fs == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+  amduat_tgk_store_mem_free(&fs->mem);
+  for (i = 0; i < fs->artifacts_len; ++i) {
+    amduat_tgk_store_fs_artifact_full_free(&fs->artifacts[i]);
+  }
+  free(fs->artifacts);
+  fs->artifacts = NULL;
+  fs->artifacts_len = 0;
+}
+
+amduat_tgk_store_ops_t amduat_tgk_store_fs_ops(void) {
+  amduat_tgk_store_ops_t ops;
+
+  memset(&ops, 0, sizeof(ops));
+  ops.get_config = amduat_tgk_store_fs_get_config;
+  ops.resolve_edge = amduat_tgk_store_fs_resolve_edge;
+  ops.edges_from = amduat_tgk_store_fs_edges_from;
+  ops.edges_to = amduat_tgk_store_fs_edges_to;
+  ops.edges_incident = amduat_tgk_store_fs_edges_incident;
+  ops.scan_edges = amduat_tgk_store_fs_scan_edges;
+  ops.neighbors = amduat_tgk_store_fs_neighbors;
+  return ops;
+}
diff --git a/tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_fs.c b/tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_fs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9fd81a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_fs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,392 @@
+#include "amduat/asl/asl_store_fs.h"
+#include "amduat/asl/ref_text.h"
+#include "amduat/enc/asl1_core.h"
+#include "amduat/enc/tgk1_edge.h"
+#include "amduat/hash/asl1.h"
+#include "amduat/tgk/store.h"
+#include "amduat/tgk/tgk_store_fs.h"
+
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+static void fill_digest(uint8_t *out, uint8_t value) {
+  memset(out, value, 32);
+}
+
+static amduat_reference_t make_ref(uint8_t value, uint8_t *storage) {
+  fill_digest(storage, value);
+  return amduat_reference(AMDUAT_HASH_ASL1_ID_SHA256,
+                          amduat_octets(storage, 32));
+}
+
+static void free_ref(amduat_reference_t *ref) {
+  if (ref == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+  free((void *)ref->digest.data);
+  ref->digest.data = NULL;
+  ref->digest.len = 0;
+}
+
+static bool join_path(const char *base, const char *segment, char **out_path) {
+  size_t base_len;
+  size_t seg_len;
+  bool needs_sep;
+  size_t total_len;
+  char *buffer;
+  size_t offset;
+
+  if (base == NULL || segment == NULL || out_path == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (base[0] == '\0' || segment[0] == '\0') {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  base_len = strlen(base);
+  seg_len = strlen(segment);
+  needs_sep = base[base_len - 1u] != '/';
+  total_len = base_len + (needs_sep ? 1u : 0u) + seg_len + 1u;
+
+  buffer = (char *)malloc(total_len);
+  if (buffer == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  offset = 0u;
+  memcpy(buffer + offset, base, base_len);
+  offset += base_len;
+  if (needs_sep) {
+    buffer[offset++] = '/';
+  }
+  memcpy(buffer + offset, segment, seg_len);
+  offset += seg_len;
+  buffer[offset] = '\0';
+
+  *out_path = buffer;
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool remove_tree(const char *path) {
+  struct stat st;
+  DIR *dir;
+  struct dirent *entry;
+
+  if (path == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (lstat(path, &st) != 0) {
+    return errno == ENOENT;
+  }
+
+  if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+    return unlink(path) == 0;
+  }
+
+  dir = opendir(path);
+  if (dir == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+    char *child = NULL;
+    if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 ||
+        strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (!join_path(path, entry->d_name, &child)) {
+      closedir(dir);
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (!remove_tree(child)) {
+      free(child);
+      closedir(dir);
+      return false;
+    }
+    free(child);
+  }
+
+  if (closedir(dir) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return rmdir(path) == 0;
+}
+
+static char *make_temp_root(void) {
+  char *templ;
+  const char template_prefix[] = "/tmp/amduat_test_tgk_store_fs_XXXXXX";
+
+  templ = (char *)malloc(sizeof(template_prefix));
+  if (templ == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  memcpy(templ, template_prefix, sizeof(template_prefix));
+  if (mkdtemp(templ) == NULL) {
+    free(templ);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return templ;
+}
+
+static bool write_manifest(const char *path,
+                           const amduat_reference_t *refs,
+                           size_t refs_len) {
+  FILE *stream;
+  size_t i;
+
+  if (path == NULL || (refs_len != 0 && refs == NULL)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  stream = fopen(path, "wb");
+  if (stream == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < refs_len; ++i) {
+    char *hex = NULL;
+    if (!amduat_asl_ref_encode_hex(refs[i], &hex)) {
+      fclose(stream);
+      return false;
+    }
+    if (fprintf(stream, "%s\n", hex) < 0) {
+      free(hex);
+      fclose(stream);
+      return false;
+    }
+    free(hex);
+  }
+
+  return fclose(stream) == 0;
+}
+
+static int test_manifest_load(void) {
+  amduat_asl_store_config_t asl_config;
+  amduat_asl_store_fs_t asl_fs;
+  amduat_asl_store_t asl_store;
+  amduat_tgk_store_config_t tgk_config;
+  amduat_tgk_store_t store;
+  amduat_tgk_store_fs_t fs;
+  amduat_tgk_identity_domain_t domains[1];
+  uint32_t edge_tags[1];
+  amduat_tgk_edge_type_id_t edge_types[1];
+  amduat_asl_encoding_profile_id_t encodings[1];
+  amduat_octets_t edge_bytes[2];
+  amduat_reference_t ref_edge1;
+  amduat_reference_t ref_edge2;
+  amduat_reference_t node_a;
+  amduat_reference_t node_b;
+  amduat_reference_t node_c;
+  amduat_reference_t payload1;
+  amduat_reference_t payload2;
+  uint8_t digest_node_a[32];
+  uint8_t digest_node_b[32];
+  uint8_t digest_node_c[32];
+  uint8_t digest_payload1[32];
+  uint8_t digest_payload2[32];
+  amduat_tgk_graph_edge_view_list_t edges;
+  amduat_tgk_edge_body_t body;
+  amduat_tgk_edge_body_t edge1;
+  amduat_tgk_edge_body_t edge2;
+  amduat_reference_t edge1_from[1];
+  amduat_reference_t edge1_to[1];
+  amduat_reference_t edge2_from[1];
+  amduat_reference_t edge2_to[1];
+  char *root = NULL;
+  char *manifest_path = NULL;
+  int exit_code = 1;
+  bool fs_ready = false;
+
+  memset(&edges, 0, sizeof(edges));
+  memset(&body, 0, sizeof(body));
+  edge_bytes[0] = amduat_octets(NULL, 0);
+  edge_bytes[1] = amduat_octets(NULL, 0);
+  memset(&ref_edge1, 0, sizeof(ref_edge1));
+  memset(&ref_edge2, 0, sizeof(ref_edge2));
+  memset(&fs, 0, sizeof(fs));
+
+  root = make_temp_root();
+  if (root == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "temp root failed\n");
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  if (!join_path(root, "manifest.txt", &manifest_path)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "manifest path failed\n");
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  asl_config.encoding_profile_id = AMDUAT_ENC_ASL1_CORE_V1;
+  asl_config.hash_id = AMDUAT_HASH_ASL1_ID_SHA256;
+  if (!amduat_asl_store_fs_init(&asl_fs, asl_config, root)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "asl store fs init failed\n");
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  amduat_asl_store_init(&asl_store, asl_config, amduat_asl_store_fs_ops(),
+                        &asl_fs);
+
+  domains[0].encoding_profile = AMDUAT_ENC_ASL1_CORE_V1;
+  domains[0].hash_id = AMDUAT_HASH_ASL1_ID_SHA256;
+  edge_tags[0] = TYPE_TAG_TGK1_EDGE_V1;
+  edge_types[0] = 0x10;
+  encodings[0] = TGK1_EDGE_ENC_V1;
+
+  memset(&tgk_config, 0, sizeof(tgk_config));
+  tgk_config.id_space.domains = domains;
+  tgk_config.id_space.domains_len = 1;
+  tgk_config.artifact_scope.description = amduat_octets(NULL, 0);
+  tgk_config.tgk_profiles.edge_tags = edge_tags;
+  tgk_config.tgk_profiles.edge_tags_len = 1;
+  tgk_config.tgk_profiles.edge_types = edge_types;
+  tgk_config.tgk_profiles.edge_types_len = 1;
+  tgk_config.tgk_profiles.encodings = encodings;
+  tgk_config.tgk_profiles.encodings_len = 1;
+
+  node_a = make_ref(0xa1, digest_node_a);
+  node_b = make_ref(0xb1, digest_node_b);
+  node_c = make_ref(0xc1, digest_node_c);
+  payload1 = make_ref(0xe1, digest_payload1);
+  payload2 = make_ref(0xe2, digest_payload2);
+
+  memset(&edge1, 0, sizeof(edge1));
+  edge1.type = 0x10;
+  edge1_from[0] = node_a;
+  edge1.from = edge1_from;
+  edge1.from_len = 1;
+  edge1_to[0] = node_b;
+  edge1.to = edge1_to;
+  edge1.to_len = 1;
+  edge1.payload = payload1;
+
+  memset(&edge2, 0, sizeof(edge2));
+  edge2.type = 0x10;
+  edge2_from[0] = node_a;
+  edge2.from = edge2_from;
+  edge2.from_len = 1;
+  edge2_to[0] = node_c;
+  edge2.to = edge2_to;
+  edge2.to_len = 1;
+  edge2.payload = payload2;
+
+  if (!amduat_enc_tgk1_edge_encode_v1(&edge1, &edge_bytes[0]) ||
+      !amduat_enc_tgk1_edge_encode_v1(&edge2, &edge_bytes[1])) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "edge encode failed\n");
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  if (amduat_asl_store_put(
+          &asl_store,
+          amduat_artifact_with_type(edge_bytes[0],
+                                    amduat_type_tag(TYPE_TAG_TGK1_EDGE_V1)),
+          &ref_edge1) != AMDUAT_ASL_STORE_OK ||
+      amduat_asl_store_put(
+          &asl_store,
+          amduat_artifact_with_type(edge_bytes[1],
+                                    amduat_type_tag(TYPE_TAG_TGK1_EDGE_V1)),
+          &ref_edge2) != AMDUAT_ASL_STORE_OK) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "asl store put failed\n");
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  {
+    amduat_reference_t refs[2];
+    refs[0] = ref_edge1;
+    refs[1] = ref_edge2;
+    if (!write_manifest(manifest_path, refs, 2)) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "manifest write failed\n");
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!amduat_tgk_store_fs_init(&fs, tgk_config, manifest_path,
+                                AMDUAT_FORMAT_REF_HEX, &asl_store)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "tgk store fs init failed\n");
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  fs_ready = true;
+  amduat_tgk_store_init(&store, tgk_config, amduat_tgk_store_fs_ops(), &fs);
+
+  if (amduat_tgk_store_resolve_edge(&store, ref_edge1, &body) != 0) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "resolve_edge failed\n");
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  if (body.type != 0x10 || body.from_len != 1 || body.to_len != 1 ||
+      !amduat_reference_eq(body.from[0], node_a) ||
+      !amduat_reference_eq(body.to[0], node_b)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "resolve_edge mismatch\n");
+    amduat_tgk_edge_body_free(&body);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+  amduat_tgk_edge_body_free(&body);
+  memset(&body, 0, sizeof(body));
+
+  {
+    amduat_tgk_edge_type_filter_t filter;
+    amduat_tgk_edge_type_id_t types[1] = {0x10};
+    size_t seen_b = 0;
+    size_t seen_c = 0;
+    size_t i;
+
+    filter.types = types;
+    filter.types_len = 1;
+    if (!amduat_tgk_store_edges_from(&store, node_a, filter, &edges)) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "edges_from failed\n");
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    if (edges.len != 2) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "edges_from len mismatch\n");
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < edges.len; ++i) {
+      const amduat_tgk_graph_edge_view_t *edge = &edges.edges[i];
+      if (edge->body.type != 0x10 || edge->body.from_len != 1 ||
+          edge->body.to_len != 1 ||
+          !amduat_reference_eq(edge->body.from[0], node_a)) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "edges_from body mismatch\n");
+        goto cleanup;
+      }
+      if (amduat_reference_eq(edge->body.to[0], node_b)) {
+        seen_b++;
+      } else if (amduat_reference_eq(edge->body.to[0], node_c)) {
+        seen_c++;
+      } else {
+        fprintf(stderr, "edges_from unexpected endpoint\n");
+        goto cleanup;
+      }
+    }
+    if (seen_b != 1 || seen_c != 1) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "edges_from endpoints mismatch\n");
+      goto cleanup;
+    }
+  }
+
+  exit_code = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+  amduat_tgk_graph_edge_view_list_free(&edges);
+  amduat_tgk_edge_body_free(&body);
+  if (fs_ready) {
+    amduat_tgk_store_fs_free(&fs);
+  }
+  free((void *)edge_bytes[0].data);
+  free((void *)edge_bytes[1].data);
+  free_ref(&ref_edge1);
+  free_ref(&ref_edge2);
+  free(manifest_path);
+  if (root != NULL) {
+    remove_tree(root);
+  }
+  free(root);
+  return exit_code;
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+  return test_manifest_load();
+}
diff --git a/tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_mem.c b/tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_mem.c
index 6834142..ed02cf8 100644
--- a/tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_mem.c
+++ b/tests/tgk/test_tgk_store_mem.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ typedef struct {
   amduat_reference_t ref_edge3;
   amduat_reference_t ref_edge_bad;
   amduat_reference_t ref_non_edge;
+  amduat_reference_t ref_missing;
   amduat_reference_t node_a;
   amduat_reference_t node_b;
   amduat_reference_t node_c;
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ typedef struct {
   uint8_t digest_edge3[32];
   uint8_t digest_edge_bad[32];
   uint8_t digest_non_edge[32];
+  uint8_t digest_missing[32];
   uint8_t digest_node_a[32];
   uint8_t digest_node_b[32];
   uint8_t digest_node_c[32];
@@ -105,6 +107,7 @@ static bool init_env(test_env_t *env) {
   env->ref_edge3 = make_ref(0x30, env->digest_edge3);
   env->ref_edge_bad = make_ref(0x40, env->digest_edge_bad);
   env->ref_non_edge = make_ref(0x50, env->digest_non_edge);
+  env->ref_missing = make_ref(0x60, env->digest_missing);
 
   env->node_a = make_ref(0xa1, env->digest_node_a);
   env->node_b = make_ref(0xb1, env->digest_node_b);
@@ -236,6 +239,65 @@ static int test_resolve_edge_not_edge(const test_env_t *env) {
   return 0;
 }
 
+static int test_resolve_edge_missing(const test_env_t *env) {
+  amduat_tgk_edge_body_t body;
+  amduat_tgk_graph_error_t err;
+
+  err = amduat_tgk_store_resolve_edge((amduat_tgk_store_t *)&env->store,
+                                      env->ref_missing, &body);
+  if (err != GS_ERR_ARTIFACT_ERROR) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "resolve_edge missing mismatch: %d\n", err);
+    return 1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static bool make_ref_for_hash(amduat_hash_id_t hash_id,
+                              uint8_t value,
+                              amduat_reference_t *out_ref) {
+  const amduat_hash_asl1_desc_t *desc;
+  uint8_t *digest;
+
+  if (out_ref == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  desc = amduat_hash_asl1_desc_lookup(hash_id);
+  if (desc == NULL || desc->digest_len == 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  digest = (uint8_t *)malloc(desc->digest_len);
+  if (digest == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  memset(digest, value, desc->digest_len);
+  *out_ref = amduat_reference(hash_id, amduat_octets(digest, desc->digest_len));
+  return true;
+}
+
+static int test_resolve_edge_unsupported(const test_env_t *env) {
+  amduat_reference_t ref;
+  amduat_tgk_edge_body_t body;
+  amduat_tgk_graph_error_t err;
+  int exit_code = 1;
+
+  if (!make_ref_for_hash(0x0002, 0x6au, &ref)) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "unsupported ref alloc failed\n");
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  err = amduat_tgk_store_resolve_edge((amduat_tgk_store_t *)&env->store, ref,
+                                      &body);
+  if (err != GS_ERR_UNSUPPORTED) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "resolve_edge unsupported mismatch: %d\n", err);
+    goto cleanup;
+  }
+
+  exit_code = 0;
+cleanup:
+  free_ref(&ref);
+  return exit_code;
+}
+
 static int test_type_filter(const test_env_t *env) {
   amduat_tgk_edge_type_id_t types[1] = {0x10};
   amduat_tgk_edge_type_filter_t filter;
@@ -419,6 +481,8 @@ int main(void) {
 
   if (test_resolve_edge_ok(&env) != 0 ||
       test_resolve_edge_not_edge(&env) != 0 ||
+      test_resolve_edge_missing(&env) != 0 ||
+      test_resolve_edge_unsupported(&env) != 0 ||
       test_type_filter(&env) != 0 ||
       test_ordering(&env) != 0 ||
       test_adjacency(&env) != 0 ||